On October 7th, 2024, the Karolinska Institute in Sweden announced that the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to two American scientists, Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun, in recognition of their discovery of microRNA (microribonucleic acid) and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation.

As early as 1989, scientist Victor Ambros discovered a gene named lin-4 in the nematode (C. elegans), which could suppress the expression of another gene, lin-14. This discovery hinted that lin-4 might express a regulatory protein, but subsequent research revealed that the product of lin-4 was actually an RNA molecule with a length of only 22 nucleotides. In 1993, Victor's students Rosalind Lee and Phonda Feinbaum successfully cloned the lin-4 gene and confirmed that its product was a non-coding RNA, namely microRNA.

1.Obtain Forwarding Materials

1.Firstly, new friends need to follow our official WeChat account first. Directly search for "XinHui Biology" in WeChat and click to follow.

3.Save the color page of the product that you expect to get the trial version of to your mobile phone album (there are two pictures for the library construction kit). Then post it on your personal WeChat Moments and invite your friends to give it likes until the number of likes reaches 10.

 

2. Send the Screenshot after Completing the Like Collection

1. After completing the like collection on WeChat Moments, you can return to the XinHui Biology official WeChat account. Send the screenshot of the completed like collection to the backstage of the XinHui Biology official WeChat account. Meanwhile, leave a message with your contact information (for manual backstage review. There may be a delay in manual message replies. It is recommended that you send your mobile phone number simultaneously after sending the screenshot of the completed forwarding).

3. Self-registration on the Official WeChat Account 1. After sending the screenshot of completing the like collection, click on "About Neohalo Bioscience" and then "Application for Trial Kits" in the sub-menu bar in turn at the bottom right corner of the Neohalo Bioscience official WeChat account. Fill in the valid information truthfully so that we can review it later and get in touch with you.

4. Activity Summary Dear friends, as long as you follow the steps in the guide one by one, I believe you will be able to use the desired trial kits soon! I'd like to tell you secretly that if your research direction matches our products very well, we sincerely invite you to get in touch with us by phone to further discuss cooperation matters. We will give priority to your application for the kits.

Activity Rules: 1. Application Frequency: Each customer has only one free application opportunity, and only one type of trial kit product can be obtained each time. If you exceed the limit, you need to purchase it by yourself.

2. To avoid reagent waste, we will review your application materials one by one. To avoid delaying your time, please fill in the registration materials truthfully so that we can get in touch with you later.

3. The available stock of trial kits is limited. First come, first served.

The 27th National Clinical Oncology Conference (CSCO Academic Annual Meeting 2024) will be held in Xiamen International Expo Center, Fujian Province from September 25th to 29th, 2024.

As a wholly-owned subsidiary of New Horizon Health (6606.HK), a listed company on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, Neohalo  Bioscience will participate in this CSCO 2024 exhibition together, bringing you the whole-process solutions for the extraction and library construction of cell-free RNA (cfRNA). We are looking forward to meeting you in Xiamen and sharing this academic grand event with you!

Recently, Neohalo Bioscience has successfully passed the ISO9001 Quality Management System Certification and obtained the "ISO9001 Quality Management System Certification Certificate". This indicates that the quality system of Neohalo Bioscience has reached a new level in terms of standardization, normalization and routinization, which not only provides a guarantee for product quality but also lays a solid foundation for the steady development of the company.

As an internationally recognized standard for quality management systems, ISO9001, with its extensive recognition and application worldwide, reflects its comprehensiveness and strictness in enterprise quality management. Through this certification, our company has established a more comprehensive and scientific system in aspects such as quality planning, quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvement, ensuring the continuous stability and improvement of the quality of our products and services.

Since the establishment of the company, we have always regarded quality management as the lifeline of enterprise development and been committed to continuously enhancing the quality levels of products and services through technological innovation and process optimization. The introduction and implementation of the ISO9001 Quality Management System have even provided us with a powerful institutional guarantee and a source of motivation for continuous improvement.

Looking ahead to the future, we will take the ISO9001 Quality Management System as the cornerstone, continuously improve the internal management mechanism, enhance operational efficiency, and promote the continuous and healthy development of the enterprise. Meanwhile, we will also continue to keep an eye on the industry trends and changes in market demands, maintain innovative thinking and the leading edge in technology, and make greater contributions to the development of the industry.

 

On the grand symphony of life, small RNAs are undoubtedly an indispensable part. Small RNAs refer to non-coding RNAs with a length of less than 200 nucleotides, including miRNA, siRNA, piRNA, snRNA, etc. Small RNAs widely exist in living organisms and are an important class of functional molecules. They are tiny and delicate, yet they play a crucial role inside cells, regulating gene expression and participating in various life activities.

Research has found that small RNAs play an important role in the pathological process of tumors. They can induce the instability of target gene expression and inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. In the nervous system, small RNAs also play a key regulatory role, affecting the growth, differentiation, and function of nerve cells. With the continuous progress of technology, our understanding of small RNAs is constantly deepening. High-throughput sequencing technology has the advantages of complete detection, high accuracy, good reproducibility, and high throughput, and thus has great advantages in exploring and researching small RNAs. Of course, if one wants to carry out high-throughput sequencing experiments, the processes of sample extraction and library construction are essential.

Today, let's embark on the amazing journey of small RNA extraction and library construction together and explore the biological functions of these tiny molecules in depth. First of all, let's talk about the extraction of small RNAs. This process is like screening out the shining pearls from the ocean of life. Scientists carefully extract these precious small RNA molecules from the complex cellular environment with elaborate experimental designs and professional reagents.

The plasma/serum small RNA extraction kit independently developed by Neohalo Bioscience has a lysis buffer that can effectively disrupt the components with cell membrane structures in the samples and denature proteins to release nucleic acids. Meanwhile, it uses the Silica-Magnetic Aggregates with a patented structure (SMAGG) to adsorb small RNAs. And by taking advantage of the reversible magnetic response physical property of SMAGG, it enriches and washes away the non-specifically bound impurities and salts. Finally, the purified small RNAs are separated from the magnetic microspheres using an elution buffer, obtaining small RNAs that meet the requirements of downstream detection.

Next comes the crucial step of library construction. Library construction is like building a home for these small RNAs, allowing them to live together in an orderly manner. Scientists utilize high-throughput sequencing technology to amplify and label the extracted small RNAs, thereby constructing a library that contains a wealth of small RNA information. This library is like an encyclopedia of life, recording the types, quantities, and functions of small RNAs.

The library construction kit of Xinhui Biology adopts the unique patented technology for removing adapter self-ligation products, enabling the library construction of trace small RNA samples. Meanwhile, the selection and use of a one-tube reaction process further reduce the input amount of the starting template for library construction.

The small RNA library construction kit developed by Neohalo Bioscience is applicable to small RNA samples from different sources with an initial amount ranging from 500 pg to 20 ng. Through adapter ligation, reverse transcription, second-strand synthesis, and PCR amplification, the samples are finally transformed into libraries suitable for sequencing on Illumina and MGI platforms after library construction. According to experimental tests, the library yield and the number of detected miRNA species of the Xinhui kit are far higher than those of domestic and foreign competing products. At the same time, it has also been verified that the performance of the reagents between batches is stable.

In this wonderful journey of small RNA extraction and library construction, we can not only appreciate the charm of life sciences but also feel the power of science. By studying small RNAs, we can conduct more in-depth research on the functions of these tiny molecules, reveal their associations with life activities, and provide new ideas and directions for future medical research and treatment strategies. Let's look forward to this journey being able to continue to go deeper, uncovering more mysteries of life for mankind, and bringing more breakthroughs and surprises to human health and well-being!

Hangzhou Neohalo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. was established in April 2022. It is an upstream reagent and instrument platform supplier for nucleic acid research and is located in the China (Zhejiang) Pilot Free Trade Zone. NeohaloBioscience focuses on the development and promotion of nanomaterial and biochip products, and serves public health and life sciences with these. We are particularly committed to researching and developing internationally leading cfRNA detection-related technologies and products. At present, we have launched a trace small RNA isolation and purification kit based on the patented Silica-Magnetic Aggregates (SMAGG) technology and a trace small RNA library construction kit based on the patented technology for removing adapter self-ligation products. NeohaloBioscience's business is currently in a stage of rapid development. At this Distrimap investment promotion conference, NeohaloBioscience hopes to join hands with like-minded agent friends across the country to enable the vast number of Chinese scientific researchers to obtain a full-process solution for small RNA extraction and library construction that meets their needs.

Conference Name: Life Science New Product (Investment Promotion) Conference and Industrial Chain Exhibition

Conference Time: April 23-24, 2024

Conference Venue: Shangri-La Hotel, Suzhou

Conference Address: 168 Tayuan Road, New District, Suzhou City

RNA is a genetic information carrier that exists in biological cells, some viruses and Viroid. Different types of RNA have different functions. Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays an important role in protein translation. If there is incorrect or missing modification in tRNA, it will result in incorrect or incomplete proteins.

It has been found that mutations of a variety of tRNA modifying enzymes are associated with various human diseases, including neural Degenerative disease, Metabolic disorder and cancer. However, studying tRNA has always faced many challenges, partly due to the lack of a simple method for quantifying its abundance and chemical modification simultaneously. Because the current nanopore sequencing setup discards the vast majority of tRNA reads, the sequencing yield is low, and there is a bias in the representation of tRNA abundance based on transcript length.

Recently, a research team and collaborators from the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology in Spain published a research paper titled "Quantitative analysis of tRNA abundance and modifications by nanopore RNA sequencing" in Nature Biotechnology. The research team has developed a new tRNA nanopore sequencing method called Nano-tRNAseq, which can directly accurately sequence natural tRNAs, accurately quantify tRNA abundance, and simultaneously capture tRNA modification changes. The research team used Nano tRNAseq to successfully detect the crosstalk and interdependence between different tRNA modification types within the same molecule of Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA population, as well as the changes in the response of tRNA population to oxidative stress.

Figure 1. Article published in Nature Biotechnology

The Direct RNA Sequencing (DRS) platform developed by Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) is a promising alternative to NGS technology for describing tRNAs. This technology allows for direct sequencing of natural RNA molecules, so in principle, tRNA modification and tRNA abundance can be detected and quantified without the need for reverse transcription or PCR. Previous studies have shown that nanopores can capture tRNA using solid-state or biological (ONT) nanopores. By connecting connectors to extend tRNA molecules, tRNA can be sequenced, labeled, and localized through biological nanopores. However, the sequencing yield of tRNA molecules using the above method is relatively low, and there is no report on whether this method reproduces existing in vivo tRNA abundance and/or tRNA modification.

The research team found that reprocessing the original nanopore signal strength and filling the 5 'and 3' tRNA ends with RNA connectors can accurately determine and map the base, capture the entire tRNA sequence, increase the number of tRNA reads by 12 times, and obtain accurate tRNA abundance. This method based on nanopores is named Nano-tRNAseq (Figure 1) and can be used to sequence natural tRNAs and obtain quantitative estimates of tRNA abundance and modification kinetics in a single experiment. The research team stated that the Nano-tRNAseq method is the most successful method for DRS using nanopores in vitro and natural tRNA molecular sequencing, base determination, and mapping.

Figure 2. Nano tRNAseq can effectively sequence natural tRNA

The short and highly modified nature of natural tRNAs makes their comparison challenging. The inaccurate determination of modified bases in the DRS dataset also resulted in a large proportion of mismatched bases in the original tRNA detection. Due to these incorrect bases, using the commonly used long read mapping tool minimap2 (- ax map ont-k15) with recommended settings can only compare a small portion of reads (2.56%). In order to improve the mapping ability of Nano tRNAseq reads, the research team tested the short reads mapping algorithm BWA and found that the BWA MEM comparison using recommended parameters outperformed minimap2 in mapping readas.

When using BWA-MEM with parameters - W13 k6 xont2d T20, it was found that there was an optimal balance between increased mapping reads and error alignment, with 54.63% of reads mapped and very little error alignment (0.19%). When comparing the performance of two mapping algorithms in natural tRNA molecules, the comparison is more pronounced. Subsequently, the researchers evaluated whether the mappability of Nano tRNAseq reads was influenced by the lengths of 5 'and 3' RNA junctions. Research has found that even without RNA connectors in the reference sequence, short and unmodified sequences can be effectively aligned, while short and modified reads benefit greatly from extended sequences with connectors, indicating that extended sequence molecules with RNA connectors are crucial for guiding correct alignment of "mismatched" short reads, such as short reads from natural tRNA.

Scientists have long known that mitochondria play an important role in the metabolism and energy production of cancer cells. However, as of now, researchers are not clear about the relationship between the structural organization of mitochondrial networks and their functional bioenergy activity at the entire tumor level.

Recently, in a research report entitled "Spatial mapping of mitochondrial networks and bioenergetics in lung cancer" published on the international journal Nature, scientists from UCLA and other institutions combined Positron emission tomography (PET) and electron microscope through research, A three-dimensional super resolution map of mitochondrial network was generated in the Lung tumor of genetically engineered mice.

In the article, researchers used an artificial intelligence technique called deep learning to classify and analyze tumors based on mitochondrial activity and other factors, and quantified the structure of hundreds of cells and thousands of mitochondria throughout the entire tumor. Researchers studied two major subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) - Adenocarcinoma of the lung and squamous cell carcinoma, and found different mitochondrial network subsets in these tumors; More importantly, they also found that mitochondria can often be organized together with Organelle such as lipid droplets and produce special subcellular structures, while supporting tumor cell metabolism and mitochondrial activity.

Image source: Nature (2023) DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05793-3

Researchers speculate that the mitochondrial population in human cancer samples does not repel their respective tumor subtypes, but rather has an activity spectrum; These research findings may provide key information for understanding the function of mitochondria in cancer cells and have the potential to help develop new cancer therapies. Shackelford, the researcher, said that our research represents the key first step to generate a highly detailed three-dimensional map of Lung tumor using a genetically engineered mouse model; Using these maps, we can generate a blueprint of the structure and function of Lung tumor, and provide valuable clues to reveal how tumor cells structurally organize their cellular architecture to respond to the high metabolic demands of tumor growth. Our research findings may help guide and improve current cancer treatment strategies, and also clarify the new direction of scientists' treatment of lung cancer.

This study reveals a new discovery of metabolic flux of Lung tumor, and clarifies that the preference of cancer cells for nutrition may be determined by the regions of mitochondria and other Organelle in their cells, that is, they either depend on glucose or free fatty acids. The research results of this article are of great significance for developing effective anticancer therapies that can target tumor specific nutritional preferences. This multimodal imaging method can also prompt researchers to uncover previously unknown aspects of cancer metabolism. Researchers believe that this may also be applied to research on other types of cancer.

In summary, the results of this study indicate that in non-small cell lung cancer, mitochondrial networks can be divided into different subpopulations and dominate the tumor's bioenergy capacity.

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